One Article to Understand UWB Triangulation Positioning, TDoA, and PDoA Positioning

With the continuous advancement of wireless technology, the demand for positioning technology is increasing day by day. Whether indoors or outdoors, there are application scenarios that require precise positioning. Although traditional positioning technologies have made significant progress, there are still issues such as low accuracy and susceptibility to interference in certain specific scenarios. With the development of Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, UWB positioning technology is becoming an effective solution to these problems.

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is a technique for transmitting data by sending radio waves with extremely short pulses. Compared to traditional narrowband signals, UWB signals have a very large bandwidth, typically exceeding 500MHz in frequency range. This enables UWB technology to achieve extremely high positioning accuracy and interference resistance.

UWB module triangulation positioning and TDoA/PDoA.

Understanding how UWB triangulation positioning works requires first understanding what TDoA and PDoA positioning are.

TDoA: The principle of TDoA positioning involves measuring the time difference between signal arrivals at different receivers to determine the location of the tag. When signals arrive at different receivers, there are slight differences in their arrival times. Utilizing these differences allows for the calculation of the tag's position.

PDoA: The principle of PDoA positioning involves measuring the phase difference between signal arrivals at different receivers to determine the location of the tag. Phase difference refers to the time difference between signal peaks or troughs. Utilizing these phase differences allows for the calculation of the tag's position.

In UWB module triangulation positioning, "triangulation" typically refers to using three UWB modules as base stations for positioning. This method is called triangulation because it typically involves using three reference points (or UWB modules) to determine the tag's position.

Specifically, each UWB module receives signals transmitted by the tag and determines the distance to the tag based on the time of arrival (TDoA) or phase difference (PDoA) of the signals. These distance measurements are then used to determine the tag's position. Three reference points can form a triangle, and by measuring the distance from the tag to each reference point, the position within the triangle where the tag may be located can be calculated. However, in some cases, more than three UWB modules can be used for positioning. In such cases, the positioning area will no longer be a simple triangle but a more complex polygon. Nevertheless, the basic principle of positioning remains the same: measuring the time of arrival or phase difference to determine the distance between the tag and each reference point, and then using geometric relationships of the polygon to determine the tag's position.

Advantages of UWB3000F27 Module Triangulation Positioning:

Localization accuracy: Due to the high bandwidth characteristics of UWB technology, the positioning accuracy is precise up to 10cm.

Support for bidirectional ranging: Both TDoA and PDoA positioning schemes are supported.

Data transmission rate: Data rates supported are 850kbps and 6.8Mbps.

Long transmission distance: Under low-speed movement, transmission distances can reach up to 1.5 kilometers.

Low power consumption and low interference: The narrow pulse signals transmitted by UWB have low energy density, thus typically causing minimal interference to other communication systems.

UWB module triangulation positioning technology is becoming one of the hottest technologies in the field of positioning due to its extremely high positioning accuracy, robust interference resistance, and wide range of application scenarios. With the continuous development of technology and the expansion of application scenarios, it is believed that UWB module triangulation positioning technology will bring us more convenience and surprises in our daily lives.